Sigmetack7/27/2026 · https://research.mutlak.se/en/research/what-is-the-actual-world-as-the-study-object-of-scientific-research
research article · 2023
What is the Actual World as the Study Object of Scientific Research?
Joke H. van Velzen
Human existence is situated, in that humans are inseparable from the world around them. In the social sciences, where human mental characteristics, functioning, and behavior is under investigation, researchers know that the mind is intertwined with the environment, but it is complicated to include situatedness in research studies. Then again, what is situatedness? Situatedness and the situation are part of the actual world, but what is the actual world? Through the scientific study of the world around us, we have learned a great deal about it, but we do not yet understand it thoroughly and, currently, scientists are searching for methodologies to obtain such an understanding. Scientists from different scientific disciplines, especially, physics, biology, neuroscience, and the social sciences with study subjects that are closely related to the actual world, have collected a lot of facts, theories, and opinions about the way in which parts of the actual world are functioning. Generally, scientists employ three scientific perspectives or world models (i.e., objectivism, realism, and subjectivism) to examine the actual world, and taken together these three scientific perspectives cover humankind possibilities in observing the actual world as it ranges from being dependent up to being independent of determinism, and these scientific perspectives influence research methodology and data interpretation. The aim of this theoretical article is to find the next step in research methodology regarding an advanced understanding of objects, phenomena, and processes as they function in the actual world by analyzing the actual world’s basic characteristics of space, place, and time. The conclusion offers a possible solution.
RRREaT - Cognitive Psychological Phenomena in Education · Vol. 1 · No. 02
Overview
This theoretical article asks how scientific research can study the actual world while recognizing that human existence is situated. It compares objectivist, realist, and subjectivist perspectives and considers how each influences research methodology and data interpretation. By analyzing space, place, and time, the paper searches for a methodological next step for studying objects, phenomena, and processes as they function in the world.
Topics covered
Situatedness and the inseparability of human functioning from the surrounding world.
How objectivism, realism, and subjectivism shape scientific observation and explanation.
The roles of space, place, and time in developing research methods for actual-world phenomena.
Original publication
The complete publication is available through the original PDF download on this page. This web body is a concise overview prepared from that source.